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CD-ROM (compact disk-read-only memory )
high-capacity, read-only memory in the form of an optically read compact disk
CEN and CEN/ISSS
The European Standards Organisation based in Brussels. CEN's mission is to promote voluntary technical harmonization in Europe in conjunction with worldwide bodies and its partners in Europe. Harmonization diminishes trade barriers, promotes safety, allows interoperability of products, systems and services, and promotes common technical understanding.In Europe, CEN works in partnership with CENELEC - the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and ETSI - the European Telecommunications Standards Institute CEN/Information Society Standardization System the mission of CEN/ISSS is to provide market players with a comprehensive and integrated range of standardisation-oriented services and products, in order to contribute to the success of the Information Society in Europe.
CENELEC
the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY
synonym for certification authority
CERTIFICATE MANAGEMENT
the overall process of issuing, storing, verifying and generally accepting responsibility for the accuracy of certifications and their secure delivery to appropriate consumers.
CERTIFICATE REVOCATION LIST - CRL
a database of all certificates that have been revoked by a Certificate Authority. This database should be checked by all persons relying on certificates issued by a Certificate Authority
CERTIFICATION
the administrative act of approving a computer system or component for use in a particular application.
CERTIFICATION AUTHORITY
a specially established trusted organisation or part of a larger organisation that accepts the responsibilities of managing the certificate process by issuing, distributing, and verifying certificates.
CGI (common gateway interface)
an application that enables an HTML document to call an executable program, pass information to it, and display the output in a dynamically created document. CGI scripts are used to count Web site hits, handle database queries, etc.
CIPHERTEXT
text material that has been encrypted, also used in a generic sense for the output of any encryption process, no matter what the original digitised input might have been (e.g., text, computer files, computer programs, or digitised graphical images).
CIRCA
Communication and Information Resource Centre Administrator, for the IDA programme, is a WWW-based environment providing on-line services that offers a common virtual space for workgroups and networks, enabling the effective and secure sharing of resources and documents. The CIRCA service is available for users from Public Administrations and is accessible via the Internet and also via TESTA.
CLEARTEXT (also plaintext)
the material entering into an encryption process or emerging from a decryption process. 'Text' is used categorically for any digitised material.
CLICK-TROUGHS
A visitor 'click-trough' a Web site when she opens a Web link or banner advertisement there transferring her to another site.
CLASS LIBRARIES
a collection of software object classes, or a set of pre-built and pre-tested software components that can be used as building blocks to develop applications. Class libraries are often provided by development tool vendors and may also be purchased from third-party vendors.
CLIENT
(1) A computer program that relies on services provided from another software module to complete its intended function. A client, as it relates to an n-tier client/server programming environment, is not a computer or a human being. (2) A human user of a computer application (3) A workstation attached to a server on a network
COMMUNITY
A constantly changing group of people collaborating and sharing their ideas over an electronic network (e.g., the Internet). Communities optimize their collective power by affiliation around a common interest, by the compression of the time between member interactions (i.e., communicating in real time), and by asynchronous "postings" which potentially reach more participants and allow for more reflection time than real-time interactions.
COOKIES
Small data fragments left on a user's computer by website that can be used to track web session. A building block of website personalisation.
COMMERCIAL ON-LINE SERVICE
Computer network that offers its members access to its own chat rooms, bulletin boards, and other online features on a monthly fee basis.
CONFIDENTIALITY
the protection of information against interception or receipt by unauthorised third parties.
CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - CMS
A tool used to organise data. Some are very elaborate and expensive; some are free and easy to used.
CONTENT PROVIDERS
People or sections within an organisation who contribute materials (in the form of HTLM pages, forms, documents, graphics files or PDF files) to the organisation's Web site or Intranet, controlled by a central unit.
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
The economic and social justification for a proposed project.
COUNTERMEASURE
a mechanism that reduces vulnerability to a threat
CRAWLER
A software program which visits Web sites to create indexes for search engines. Also known as spiders, bots and intelligent agents.
CREDIBILITY
The ability to show that data have been collected, processed, stored, and disseminated responsibly.
CRYPTANALYSIS
the study and practice of various methods to penetrate ciphertext and deduce the contents of the original cleartext message.
CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM
a mathematical procedure, used in conjunction with a closely guarded secret key, that transforms original input into a form that is unintelligible without special knowledge of the secret information and the algorithm. Such algorithms are also the basis for digital signatures and key exchange.
CRYPTOGRAPHY
the science and technology of keeping information secret from unauthorised parties by using a code or a cipher. Cryptography can be used for many applications that do not involve confidentiality.
CYBERSPACE
This term is currently used to describe the whole range of information resources available through computer networks. |
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